Tolerance was over. Drag shows, activist-driven science, the spurious multiplication of identities—all of these were to be purged, along with the backstabbing liberals, likely collaborating with foreigners, who’d emasculated the nation by abetting such depravity. Doctors fled as their research was targeted. Censors and vigilantes destroyed the works of “degenerate” artists. In Hitler’s Germany, the scapegoat was Magnus Hirschfeld’s Institute for Sexual Science, a center of gay-rights advocacy that also pioneered gender-affirming surgeries. In Trump’s America, it’s an ever-expanding array of teachers, health-care providers, children’s-book authors, and trans athletes. Both crackdowns followed periods of unprecedented visibility for groups previously confined to the shadows. But who *were* these brand-new people that fascists couldn’t bear to look at?